Traditional Chinese clothing includes several distinct styles, with the Qipao and Hanfu being two of the most well-known. However, they represent different historical periods, cultural influences, and purposes.
The Hanfu is one of the oldest forms of Chinese clothing, dating back more than 2,000 years to the Han dynasty and even earlier. It consists of loose, flowing robes with wide sleeves and a cross-collar design. Hanfu was traditionally worn by Han Chinese before the Qing dynasty, and it reflects the ancient aesthetics, etiquette, and social structures of Chinese civilization. Over time, Hanfu developed many regional and dynastic variations, but its core features remained consistent.
In contrast, the Qipao, also known as the Cheongsam, is a much more modern style that originated in the early 20th century, especially during the Republican era in Shanghai. It was influenced by Manchu clothing and later adapted into a more form-fitting dress that accentuates the female figure. The Qipao is typically made of silk or satin and features a high collar, side slits, and elegant embroidery. It became a symbol of modern Chinese femininity and remains popular today for formal occasions, cultural events, and fashion.
So, when asking, "What is the traditional Chinese dress called?" the answer depends on the context. If you're referring to ancient and historical Chinese attire, the answer is Hanfu. If you're thinking of the modern yet traditional-looking dress often worn in photos or on formal occasions, it's likely the Qipao.
Both styles are important representations of Chinese culture, and each tells a different part of China's long and rich history.